How evaporative cooling works

Evaporative cooling uses some water (for evaporation which naturally cools), a small amount of electricity (to pump the water and turn the fan), and lots of heat to cool. Yes – it uses heat to cool! That’s not so strange as it may sound when you remember: cold is an absence of heat.

Hot dry air into the cooling unit, water circulated round the cooler, cool air out.

A fan in the evaporative cooling unit draws in warm air and passes it over water soaked pads in the cooling unit which are kept wet. When the warm air comes into contact with the wet pads evaporation occurs.

Evaporation is a process which naturally consumes heat. Heat is the evaporative process’s fuel. The more evaporation, the more heat consumption, that is, cooling.

The labyrinth of air ways in the pads increase surface area, increasing the amount of contact between the air and water, maximising evaporation.

The air, now cool having had the heat used up from it, gets fanned into the building. Warm air in the building gets pushed out of the building by the flow of incoming cool air.

The small amount of electric energy evaporative coolers do use is simply to set up and facilitate the evaporative process; fanning air, pumping water. Once the evaporative process is set up, the hard cooling work occurs naturally, for free. This is how evaporative cooling manages to cool and use so little electricity.

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